Report:
Shin Kong Life Insurance Tun Hwa Building Real Estate Asset Trust
Primary
Analyst: |
Joe
Lin, CFA; (886) 2 8722 5856
joe_lin@taiwanratings.com.tw |
Secondary
Analyst: |
Andrea Lin; (886) 2 8722 5853
andrea_lin@taiwanratings.com.tw |
This
report does not constitute a recommendation to buy, hold, or sell securities.
RATING
DETAILS
Class
|
Rating
|
Amount
(mil. NT$)
|
Coupon rate(%)
|
Expected maturity date
|
Legal maturity date
|
Class A
|
twAAA
|
830
|
2.40
|
June 22, 2012
|
Dec 22, 2013
|
Class B
|
twA
|
400
|
2.68
|
June 22, 2012
|
Dec 22, 2013
|
Class C
|
twBBB
|
120
|
3.00
|
June 22, 2012
|
Dec 22, 2013
|
Trust: Land
Bank of Taiwan (global scale rating 'A-/Stable/A-2', national scale rating
'twAA/Stable/
twA-1+') as Trustee for Shin Kong Life Insurance Tun Hwa Building Real
Estate Asset Trust (the SPT).
Entrusted Property: Tun Hwa building
Property type: Office building
Closing Date: June 22, 2005
Originator: Shin Kong Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (SKL; global scale
rating 'BBB/Stable/--', national scale rating 'twAA-/Stable/--')
Trustee: Land Bank
Account Bank: Land Bank
Property Manager: New Light International Co. Ltd.
Property insurance company: Shin Kong Insurance Co. Ltd (global
scale rating 'BBB+/Stable/--', national scale rating 'twAA-/Stable/--')
Arranger: Industrial Bank of Taiwan (IBT; national scale rating
'twA/Negative/twA-1')
Appraiser: Debenham Tie Leung (DTZ)
Property value by Appraiser: Taiwan dollar (NT$) 3,739,890,000 (as
of April 10, 2009)
RATIONALE
Taiwan Ratings Corp. today assigned its 'twAAA', 'twA' and 'twBBB' on
the Class A, B, and C certificates, respectively, issued by the SPT. The
notes are collateralized by one office building located in Taipei City.
Our ratings address the full and timely payment of interest and full repayment
of principal on or before the final legal maturity date in December 2013.
The ratings on the
Class A, B, and C certificates are based on the following:
- The location and
quality of the property that secures the certificates;
- Adequate loan-to-value
ratios (LTV) and debt-service coverage ratios (DSCR) of respective classes;
- The property value
underwritten assuming stabilized net cash flow (as defined under Credit
Evaluation);
- The servicer quality
of the property manager, New Light International; and
- The office building
environment in Taipei
Strengths
- The property is
located in a well-developed area near the intersection of main streets.
It also has quick access to public transportation, including various
bus stops just in front of the building and a distance of less than
200 meters to the nearest subway station.
- The historical
vacancy performance in this district is better than other areas in Taipei
City and the office building supply will remain limited in this district
in the near future. Consequently, we expect this property to maintain
its above-average performance in the near future.
- The various reserve
accounts are set side initially and will be replenished to the required
level in accordance with the trust agreement. These accounts will not
only cover expenses occurred during the collection period but also cover
the interest or principal shortfall, if any, in any distribution dates.
- Any excess rental
income will be used to pay down the most senior note, up to NT$37.5
million for each distribution date, which in turn gradually reduces
the outstanding principal and interest payment. This turbo amortization
structure can gradually ease the liability burden of this transaction.
Weakness and Concerns
- The building is
one of the older buildings in this district (24 years old).
- The vacancy rate
in recent months has increased higher than the average property performance.
In addition, recently developed suburban areas with lower rent, like
Taipei's Neihu district, may have some negative effect on the property.
- There is only
one building with limited tenants in the portfolio. Any tenant's violation
or cease of lease contracts may have a negative effect on this deal.
- The principal
repayments of the tranches rely on the property's liquidation which
may not be fully redeemed unless the buildings are successfully disposed
of by the final legal maturity date.
Mitigations
- The exterior and
interior of the property are still well maintained.
- The recent high
vacancy rate and negative impact from other suburban areas could be
offset by the SPT's various reserve accounts, experienced property manager,
and superior property location in Taipei.
- The property liquidation
risk is partly offset by an appropriate level of stress on the value
of the buildings.
TRANSACTION
OVERVIEW
At the closing date,
the Originator transferred the ownership of Tun Hwa building to the trust.
On the closing date, Land Bank, the trustee on behalf of the trust issued
Taiwan dollar denominated class A trust certificates ['twAAA'], class
B trust certificates ['twA'], class C trust certificates ['twBBB'], and
unrated subordinated trust certificates. Proceeds from the issuance of
the class A, class B, and class C certificates and the unrated subordinated
trust certificates were paid to SKL in exchange for the transfer of the
property.
The class A, B,
and C certificates pay fixed interest semi-annually. Interest payment
and principal repayment on these certificates will be funded by rental
collections, proceeds from the disposal of the property, and other income
from trust assets. Payment on the certificates is on a sequential basis.
Excess funds after paying interest and topping up reserves will be used
to pay down the principal of the most senior trust certificates up to
NT$37.5 million with any shortfall carried forward to the next payment
date. If there is still remaining rental income, it will be paid to the
unrated subordinated trust certificates with no stated coupon.
COLLATERAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Collateral Description
Items
|
Information
|
Location
|
Near the intersection of Tun Hwa South Road and Ren-ai
Road.
(3F to 11F and B4 to B5, No.245, Sec. 1, Tun Hwa Sth.
Rd., Da-an District, Taipei)
|
Property type
|
Office building / Class A (Four type of buildings:
prime, Class A, Class AB, and Class B)
|
Transferred floors
|
Office building from 3F to 11F
Parking lot from B4 to B5
|
Building area
|
6,894 ping (office building; 1 ping=3.305785 sq.m.)
2,323 ping (parking lot)
|
Land area
|
865.3 ping
|
Age
|
24 years (construction completed Dec. 14, 1984)
|
Building quality standard
|
Well maintained
|
Transport profiles
|
At the intersection of the main streets, Tun Hwa South
Road and Ren-ai Road.
|
Public transport points
|
Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) subway line (about 150 meters
away)
Another MRT line, the XinYi Line is expected to be
in operation at the end of 2011.
Various bus stops
|
Surroundings
|
Company headquarters (Taishin Financial Holding Co.
Ltd. and Cathay Life Insurance Co. Ltd.)
Department stores (Sogo, Eslite book store)
Hospitals (Cathay Hospital and Ren-ai Hospital)
Schools
|
Property value
|
NT$3.74 billion according to DTZ as of April 10, 2009
|
Tenancy Mix
The property currently
has 17 tenants representing seven different industries. The biggest tenant
and industry represent about 11.1% and 21.7% of total available floor
space, respectively. Though the performance of the property has been stable
for the past few years, the vacancy rate increased to about 23% in the
second quarter of 2009 mainly due to the recent economic slowdown. We
do not expect this higher-than-average vacancy rate to be significantly
lower than its average in coming months unless economic conditions show
significant improvement, which is already taken into account in our credit
analysis.
Property Manager
The property manager,
New Light International, entered into an agreement with the trust to maintain
and repair the entrusted properties, and prepare a projection of annual
capital expenditures on each anniversary of the transaction. The Shin
Kong group set up the property manager in 2005 to handle real estate securitizations.
The company was established by former employees of SKL and Shinkong Life
Real Estate Service Co. (SKRE). New Light International currently manages
six properties (including properties under SKL's second and third REAT
and first REIT). The company is outsourcing the repair and maintenance
of Tun Hwa building to Shin Kong Life Real Estate Service Company, which
was established in 1988 and currently has 193 buildings under management.
CREDIT
EVALUATION
TRC's approach on
class A, B and C is to assess the ability of the entrusted property to
generate the sufficient stabilized net cash flow and proceeds from the
property liquidation to timely meet the interest payments and principal
of the rated notes by the final legal maturity date, respectively.
Net cash flow (NCF)
is defined as the amount remaining when tax, all operating expenses and
capital expenditures are deducted from the total revenues of the property.
Taiwan Ratings attempts to derive an estimate of the "stabilized
net cash flow" that the property can be expected to sustain beyond
the life of the securitized transaction. The stabilized NCF should not
be only based on a forecast of revenues and expenses during the life of
a securitized transaction. Nor should it be based on a property's performance
in the worst-case scenario. Taiwan Ratings determines the NCF based on
a comprehensive analysis of a wide variety of information, including but
not limited to historical performance, plans for future revenues/expenses,
the competitiveness of the property, the demand and supply balance of
the real estate market, the economic conditions, future prospects, real
estate appraisal report and engineering report.
The property value
underwritten by TRC is derived by using the direct capitalization method,
in which the property value is determined by applying the capitalization
rate to the underwritten NCF. The appropriate capitalization rate is determined
considering several factors, such as market competition and economic projection.
Considering the aforementioned factors, TRC's assumption on the capitalization
rate in this deal is 4.5%.
Taiwan Ratings has
determined its opinion of the stabilized net cash flow of about NT$99
million and assess capital value of about NT$2.21 billion million for
Tun Hwa property. The stabilized net cash flow represents a discount of
about 25.56% to property's average rental income of about NT$133 million,
and a discount of 40.91% to the independently assessed market value of
the subject property of NT$3.74 billion conducted by DTZ as of April 10,
2009.
Debt Sizing
In assessing Taiwan
Ratings' opinion of the amount of debt that can be rated at a particular
credit rating level, we consider LTV and DSCR thresholds at their respective
rating levels. Thresholds for various rating categories reflect the characteristics
of the property as well as other transaction features, such as tenor composition
and turbo amortization feature.
The application of
the DSCR threshold in the debt-sizing process incorporates an assumed
interest rate referred to as the 'refinance constant'. In this transaction,
the refinance constant accessed by Taiwan Ratings is 5.00 %. This refinancing
rate reflects the characteristics of this portfolio, the nature of office
building & associated competitive forces in Taiwan, local investment
yield and bank loan market.
The table below details
the total debt issuance amount against LTV and DSCR levels based on Taiwan
Ratings opinion of the stabilized cash flow, property value and refinance
rate.
Class
|
Rating
|
Rated debt amount
(mil. NT$)
|
LTV (%) based on TRC-assessed capital value
|
LTV (%) based on independent valuer-assessed capital
value
|
DSCR (x) based on TRC stabilized cash flow and refinance
constant
|
DSCR (x) based on TRC stabilized cash flow and coupon
rates
|
A
|
twAAA
|
830
|
37.61%
|
22.19%
|
2.39
|
4.99
|
B
|
twA
|
400
|
55.73%
|
32.89%
|
1.62
|
3.24
|
C
|
twBBB
|
120
|
61.17%
|
36.10%
|
1.47
|
2.90
|
DSCR--Debt service coverage ratio. LTV--Loan-to-value
ratio
|
STRUCTURAL
REVIEW
Payment Priority
in distribution date
The income from office
building, parking lot as well as other associated revenue will be paid
to rated notes on the sequential basis in each distribution date. If there
is any excess income left after paying the interest payment of rated notes
as well as topping up the various reserve accounts, the surplus can be
used to redeem the most senior tranche, up to NT$37.5 million, in each
distribution date. If there is still remaining after paying the principal,
such amount will be paid to the equity holder.
Expenses in collection
period
The expense, such
as capex, tax and insurance fee, occurred during the collection period
will be paid by their corresponding reserve accounts. These accounts will
be replenished in a distribution date based on the predetermined formula
in accordance with the trust agreement. If these accounts do not have
sufficient money to pay for the expense, a number of other reserve accounts
will be used in turn to cover such shortfall.
Insurance for property
Shinkong Insurance
Co. Ltd. provides insurance covering fire, earthquake, typhoon, flood,
explosion, loss of rental during reinstatement period, and third party
liabilities during transaction life. The insurance company's credit rating
is adequate to support the transaction.
Disposal of Property
The certificates
have an expected maturity date in June of 2012 and a legal final maturity
date in December of 2013. The property disposal process will commence
one year before the expected maturity of the certificates. In accordance
with the transaction documents, the appraisal report will be issued annually
and a valuer authorized by the trustee will release the property appraisal
report before the first bid for the disposal process If 90% of the appraisal
property value is higher than the interest and principal of the rated
notes as well as the associated cost, then such a price is the floor price
for bidding. Otherwise, the bidding price should be determined by the
note holder meeting or 90% of the appraisal property value is adopted
if there is no consensus at the note holder meeting or the meeting is
unable to be held for some reason. If the first bid fails, the SPT will
hold the other two bids using a similar process but with higher discount
compared with the first bid. If the property still fails to be disposed
of after the third bid, a certificate holder meeting will be called to
determine the appropriate action.
In addition to the
disposal of the property started from one year before the expected maturity
date, other events may also trigger the disposal of the property including
but not limited to non-payment of interest due on class B and C certificates
(even given that Class A certificates are still outstanding), the DSCR
falling below 1.15x, and other events causing a material adverse impact
on the most senior class of certificate holders. If any such event happens,
the note holder meeting should be held in order to decide whether to issue
the disposal notice. Once the disposal notice is issued, the disposal
of property will also begin.
Additionally, when
the interest payment of the most senior rated tranche has been deferred
for two business days, the principal of the rated tranches fails to be
fully redeemed on legal maturity date, or any trust termination order
from regulators or courts is noticed, the liquidation procedure will also
adopt the bidding process as outlined above. Proceeds from liquidation
will apply post-enforcement waterfall where the more senior certificates
will be redeemed before the junior certificates.
Reserve Accounts
Other than the general
account that receives the rental income and other revenue from the office
building, the transaction set up nine reserve accounts. Among of these
account, the general, penalty, liquidity reserve and liquidation account
can in turn help to cover any senior expenses shortfall when their corresponding
reserve accounts do not have sufficient money to pay for expenses during
the whole transaction life. The penalty, liquidity reserve, interest reserve
and liquidation account can in turn help to cover rated interest shortfall,
if any, on any distribution dates. More detailed information about the
various reserve accounts is given below:
Penalty account:
Penalty payments from tenants will be deposited into this account
and can be used for the payment shortfall of third party fees and expenses,
and the principal and interest of the certificates.
Liquidity reserve
account: A reserve of about NT$20 million was funded at closing
by the originator and will be replenished up to the amount of either six
months of rental payments of the largest tenant or six times the average
monthly rental payment, whichever is larger. If the money in this account
is higher than the aforementioned required amount, the surplus will be
wired to the general account. This reserve not only provides a buffer
in the event that a tenant terminates the lease contract but also mitigates
the period that the property manager takes to find a new tenant. As of
August 31, 2009, there was about NT$11 million in this account.
Interest reserve
account: A reserve of about NT$21 million was set aside at closing
by the originator and will be replenished to cover six months of interest
payments on the outstanding rated notes. If the money in this account
is higher than the required amount, the surplus will go to the general
account. This account can be used to cover the rated interest shortfall,
if any. As of August 31 2009, there was about NT$18 million in this account.
Liquidation
account: Proceeds from the liquidation of the properties will
be deposited into this account and can be used for the payment shortfall
of third party fees and expenses, and the principal and interest of the
certificates.
Tax and insurance
reserve account: An amount of about NT$16 million was set aside
at closing by originator to only cover insurance premiums, land value
tax, and property tax to be incurred during the first year of the transaction.
The reserve will be replenished by an amount estimated by the property
manager sufficient to cover the relevant expenses for the subsequent 12
months. Any surplus in this account will be retained and will not flow
to the general account. As of August 31, 2009, there was about NT$18 million
in this account.
Capital and
maintenance expenditure reserve account: Capital expenditure is
estimated according to the engineering report prepared by CB Richard Ellis.
An initial reserve of about NT$20 million was deposited at closing by
the originator to only cover expected capital expenditure for the first
year of the transaction. On each of the distribution dates, the reserve
will be replenished by 50% of the amount estimated by the property manager
sufficient to cover capital expenditure for the subsequent 12 months,
subject to a minimum amount of NT$3.5 million annually, no matter how
much money is left in this account. As of August 31, 2009, there was about
NT$1 million in this account.
Building management
reserve account: Management fees collected from the tenants will
be credited to this account. The reserve will be only withdrawn to make
payments for utilities and miscellaneous expenses of the building and
will be replenished on each payment date in accordance with the trust
agreement. If the reserve fails to cover the above expenses, the shortfall
will be made up from the general account. On the contrary, if it's higher
than the required amount, the surplus will flow to the general account.
Contract deposit
account: The contract deposits from the tenants were transferred
to the trust. The deposits will be returned to the tenants in full or
in part according to the tenancy agreement.
Insurance proceeds
account: The building is covered by third party liability insurance
and fire insurance, which indemnifies restoration costs and losses due
to the interruption of rental receipts. Any proceeds from insurance claims
will be deposited into this reserve account and will be either applied
toward rental income or the restoration of the buildings. Notwithstanding,
insurance proceeds will be distributed to the general account when: (1)
the proceeds exceed 3% of the total issuance amount of NT$3.08 billion
(excluding proceeds covering interruption of rental receipts); and (2)
if the building cannot be restored within six months of the expected maturity
of the certificates or the long period of time to recover the property
makes the insurance proceeds unable to cover the rental loss.
Property Manager
Replacement
In the event that
the property manager fails to satisfactorily perform its duties or becomes
insolvent, it can be terminated. However, any such termination can only
occur upon assignment of a replacement property manager. For the property
manager's resignation, it cannot resign unless the servicer has noticed
the trustee in writing six months before resignation, already found the
successor who is willing to take over the responsibility following the
original related documents, and received the approval from the trustee
as well as having already informed the rating agency.
Trustee Replacement
If the trustee termination
event is triggered, the note holder meeting should be held in order to
determine whether to terminate the trustee. For the trustee resignation,
it cannot resign unless it has already gained the approval from the note
holder meeting and already found an eligible successor who is willing
to take over the unchanged responsibility.
LEGAL
ISSUES
Taiwan Ratings has
received satisfactory legal opinion addressing the feature of true sale
and bankruptcy remoteness in this transaction.
SURVEILLANCE
Continual surveillance
will be maintained on the transaction until the notes mature or are otherwise
retired. To do this, regular company appraisal reports detailing the performance
of the underlying collateral are analyzed, supporting ratings are monitored,
and regular contact is made with the owner or property manger to ensure
that minimum servicing standards are being sustained and that any material
changes in the operations are communicated and accessed.
RELATED
RESEARCH
- Principals-Based
Rating Methodology For Global Structured Finance Securities, May 29,
2007
- Australian Commercial
Mortgage-Backed Securitization - The Rating Process, April 6, 2001
- CMBS Property
Evaluation Criteria, January 2004
- Japanese CMBS
Real Estate Evaluation Guidelines, March 12, 2007
- Standard &
Poor's Industrial Special Risks Insurance Requirements Change For Australian
CMBS Transactions, November 27, 2002
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